The United Arab Emirates has ushered in a new era of media regulation with the implementation of Federal Decree-Law No. 55 of 2023, effective from May 29, 2025. This landmark legislation replaces the outdated 1980 Publications and Publishing Law, aligning media governance with the digital age. Designed to regulate all forms of media—print, broadcast, and digital—the law reflects the UAE’s commitment to fostering a responsible, innovative, and globally competitive media landscape while safeguarding national values and public interest.
The law mandates licensing for all media activities, encompassing traditional outlets like newspapers and television, as well as digital platforms such as social media, streaming services, and video-on-demand. Content creators, including influencers, journalists, and podcasters, must obtain permits from the UAE Media Council, which oversees compliance. This applies universally, including to entities operating outside the UAE but distributing content within its borders. The licensing framework aims to ensure accountability, with detailed regulations expected to clarify operational standards by May 2024.
Central to the law are 20 mandatory content standards, emphasizing respect for Islamic beliefs, national sovereignty, cultural heritage, and social cohesion. Prohibited content includes anything that insults religion, incites violence, spreads misinformation, or undermines UAE policies and foreign relations. Violations carry severe penalties, with fines up to AED 1 million (approximately $272,000) for serious breaches like religious defamation, and lesser fines ranging from AED 5,000 to AED 500,000 for issues like privacy violations or misleading advertisements. Repeat offenders face doubled fines, license suspensions, or permanent closures, while egregious cases may lead to legal action.
Positive commentary on UAE culture and heritage.
Respectful discussions on Islamic values and traditions.
Constructive criticism of public policies within legal boundaries.
Educational content promoting national unity and development.
Advertisements adhering to ethical marketing standards.
Insulting Islamic beliefs or religious figures: Up to AED 1,000,000.
Inciting violence or hatred: Up to AED 1,000,000.
Spreading misinformation or fake news: AED 50,000 to AED 500,000.
Undermining UAE sovereignty or foreign relations: Up to AED 1,000,000.
Violating privacy or publishing unverified personal data: AED 5,000 to AED 500,000.
Misleading advertisements or undisclosed sponsorships: AED 10,000 to AED 100,000.
The UAE Media Council, supported by a dedicated Committee for Violations of Media Content Standards, actively monitors compliance. This body assesses breaches based on their societal impact, ensuring penalties align with the offense’s gravity. A grievance mechanism allows appeals within 15 days, with decisions issued promptly. The law also promotes local talent through fee exemptions and supports intellectual property protection, reinforcing the UAE’s creative economy.
Critics argue the law’s broad scope and heavy penalties could stifle free expression, particularly for digital creators unfamiliar with regulatory nuances. However, officials like Mohammed Saeed Al Shehhi emphasize a supportive approach, streamlining licensing and waiving fees to encourage compliance. Since enforcement began in late July 2025, several creators have received warnings, signaling robust oversight. This reflects the UAE’s Vision 2030 ambition to blend cultural preservation with technological advancement.
